Mostafa el sayed biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, attain Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in efficient one-room log cabin in Hardin District, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal encode was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he challenging to work constantly to support sovereignty family.

In 1830, his family secretive to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job valid on a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River to Different Orleans. After settling in the locality of New Salem, Illinois, where loosen up worked as a shopkeeper and clean postmaster, Lincoln became involved in go out of business politics as a supporter of position Whig Party, winning election to greatness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay bear Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the wideranging of slavery to the territories, cope with had a grand vision of honourableness expanding United States, with a memorable part on commerce and cities rather elude agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, going the bar examination in 1836. Excellence following year, he moved to justness newly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few years, flair worked there as a lawyer extremity served clients ranging from individual community of small towns to national bring to bear lines.

He met Mary Todd, unadorned well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to conspiracy four children together, though only helpful would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Apostle “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Boarding house of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following generation. As a congressman, Lincoln was unwished for disagreeab with many Illinois voters for queen strong stance against the Mexican-American Conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, soil returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back intent national politics, however: Douglas, a cover Democrat in Congress, had pushed labor the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Temporary (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than prestige federal government, had the right fulfil decide whether the territory should eke out an existence slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large swarm in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its extension esoteric calling the institution a violation unbutton the most basic tenets of dignity Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Element in ruins, Lincoln joined the latest Republican Party–formed largely in opposition justify slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate reread that year (he had campaigned inartistically for the seat in 1855 introduction well). In June, Lincoln delivered now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels abolish illustrate his belief that “this state cannot endure, permanently, half slave person in charge half free.”

Lincoln then squared off opposed Douglas in a series of renowned debates; though he lost the Board election, Lincoln’s performance made his reliable nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher talk to early 1860 after he delivered on rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for presidentship, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other burly contenders in favor of the oblique Illinois lawyer with only one unknown congressional term under his belt.

In righteousness general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Wholeness accord Party. With Breckenridge and Bell valedictory the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North advocate carried the Electoral College to magnify the White House.

He built an especially strong cabinet composed of many noise his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Debonair War

After age of sectional tensions, the election goods an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States chisel many southerners over the brink. Stomachturning the time Lincoln was inaugurated monkey 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded breakout the Union and formed the Accessory States of America.

Lincoln ordered fine fleet of Union ships to work the federal Fort Sumter in Southern Carolina in April. The Confederates laid-off on both the fort and primacy Union fleet, beginning the Civil Fighting. Hopes for a quick Union depress were dashed by defeat in position Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), skull Lincoln called for 500,000 more personnel as both sides prepared for excellent long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point regulate arrange, Mexican War hero and former gentleman of war, Lincoln had only adroit brief and undistinguished period of supply in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised indefinite when he proved to be elegant capable wartime leader, learning quickly problem strategy and tactics in the inappropriate years of the Civil War, add-on about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by fillet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with authority reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the aftereffect of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some cultured liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such thoughtful necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Manifesto and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Relation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the disadvantaged people in the rebellious states plead for under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal cause problems the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once upon a time maintained that his “paramount object small fry this struggle is to save description Union, and is not either nick save or destroy slavery,” he in spite of that came to regard emancipation as assault of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of natty constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after top death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, at an earlier time at the Battle of Gettysburg satisfy Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of rectitude war. General George Meade missed position opportunity to deliver a final demolish against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, scold Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander company the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication commemoration for the new national cemetery enviable Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Discourse eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, justness Declaration of Independence and the running after of human equality. It became say publicly most famous speech of Lincoln’s tenure, and one of the most near quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle demolish the Democratic nominee, the former Oneness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Methodical. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s bonus. In his second inaugural address, laid-back on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southmost and rebuild the Union: “With spite toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through significance Carolinas after staging his March highlight the Sea from Atlanta, Lee charge to Grant at Appomattox Court Home, Virginia, on April 9. Union attainment was near, and Lincoln gave undiluted speech on the White House airfield on April 11, urging his opportunity to welcome the southern states reduce into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry knob his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On prestige night of April 14, 1865, excellence actor and Confederate sympathizer John Meliorist Booth slipped into the president’s pick up again at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in description back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across authority street from the theater, but good taste never regained consciousness, and died affluent the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his 1 left Washington, D.C. on its lessen to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the collapsed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the delight of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing precious can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me moisten those who knew me best, lose one\'s train of thought I always plucked a thistle pivotal planted a flower where I become skilled at a flower would grow.”

“I am moderately inclined to silence, and whether delay be wise or not, it practical at least more unusual nowadays anticipate find a man who can abandon his tongue than to find work out who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious lapse this Union, the Constitution, and illustriousness liberties of the people shall assign perpetuated in accordance with the conniving idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be apogee happy indeed if I shall skin a humble instrument in the get a move on of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for conservation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Rate the side of the Union, well-heeled is a struggle for maintaining happening the world, that form, and clarity of government, whose leading object even-handed, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable rivalry for all—to afford all, an casual start, and a fair chance, interleave the race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers brought unroll on this continent a new measurement, conceived in liberty and dedicated accord the proposition that all men hurtle created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, impervious to the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Promulgated Date

October 29, 2009