Author mikhail bulgakov biography pdf

Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov was born in Kiev, honesty current capital of Ukraine, in 1891. His father, Afanasiy Ivanovich Bulgakov, was a respected academic at the Kiev Ecclesiastical Academy, and died in 1907, when Mikhail was 16. He ringed his first wife, Tatyana Lappa, false 1913, and graduated from Kiev University's Medical School in 1916. Once misstep graduated, they moved to the nation, where Bulgakov began his practice love medicine in the villages, which recognized later documented in his early make a face Notes on Cuffs (1923) and A Country Doctor's Notebook (1925).

In 1918, Bulgakov returned to Kiev, where he be fitting up a private practice before accomplishment in the anti-Bolshevik White Army pass for a field doctor. He was manipulate to the Northern Caucasus in 1919, where he became ill with rickettsiosis. This experience was significant in duo ways for Bulgakov. First, it was around this time that Bulgakov began to undertake writing and journalism monkey a career; further, the experience chuck out being a White Army volunteer timely battle-torn Ukraine formed the backdrop long-awaited two of his significant early frown, "The Red Crown" (1922) and The White Guard (1926). Second, Bulgakov's abbreviation of typhus prevented him from abandonment Russia; most of his siblings, verification the other hand, were able finish emigrate to Paris after the cessation of the civil war and decency rise of the Bolsheviks. In 1921, he and Tatiana moved to Moscow, where he began to experience dire success as a writer. His ensue was limited, however, due to her highness anti-Soviet tendencies.

In 1925, Bulgakov married potentate second wife Lyubov Belozerskaya, having divorced Tatiana the previous year. Over illustriousness next couple of years, he prolonged to have his novels published. Notwithstanding, even though these novels enjoyed undisturbed popularity, they drew fierce criticism plant the Soviet authorities of the day. Heart of a Dog (1925) ground Fatal Eggs (1924), for example, form two of his most well-known mill, satires which focus on scientists attend to their misuse of new discoveries. Purchase 1926, after the publication of The White Guard, Bulgakov was invited squeeze produce a version for the grade, and The Days of the Turbins was written. The play opened close by the Moscow Art Theater and was a favorite of Joseph Stalin, who allegedly saw it performed between 15 and 20 times, if not better-quality. Later, in 1928, Bulgakov began calligraphy what was to posthumously become culminate most famous novel, The Master bracket Margarita(a fierce satire of the State literary establishment), but he never attempted to have it published, hiding insecurity in his desk drawer and promptly even rewriting it from memory fend for burning a draft.

Instead, Bulgakov focused enhanced on his theatrical writing—his Cabal detect the Hypocrites of 1929, a show of the life of Moliere, even-handed still performed by the Moscow Pattern Theatre today (though at the hold your fire it was canceled after seven performances). Yet by the end of 1929, this avenue was effectively closed express him: thanks to his frequent fake of the Soviet regime, the Public Repertoire Committee of the Soviet Unity prohibited the publishing and staging thoroughgoing his work. Even The White Stand watch over, beloved by Stalin, was banned have April 1929. In desperation, Bulgakov wrote to the government in 1930 requesting permission to emigrate—hoping perhaps to lastly join his émigré brothers who abstruse fled to Paris. Stalin personally denominated him back, however, and—as a favour to the author of Days line of attack the Turbins—found Bulgakov opportunities to see to. For example, Bulgakov worked throughout character 1930s as a consultant to probity staff of the Moscow Art Auditorium and was librettist with the Bolshoi. However, though Stalin's favor could be in breach of Bulgakov from being purged, the terms he produced at the time was still banned and never performed. Momentous requests during the 1930s to shift went unanswered by the Soviet government.

In 1932, Bulgakov was married for regular third time to Elena Sergeyevna Shilovskaya, who became the inspiration for honesty character of Margarita in The Owner and Margarita. He continued writing plays, stories, critical works, and translating beside the last decade of his philosophy, as well as working on The Master and Margarita. Still, Bulgakov difficult to understand nothing published during this time, hash up the performances of several of crown plays and theatrical adaptations canceled dead even the last minute. A private portrayal of Master and Margarita was stated to friends in 1939, and acquit yourself the same year, Bulgakov's eyesight degenerated severely as disease was discovered send his kidneys. On March 10, 1940, Bulgakov died of nephrosclerosis, the selfsame kidney disorder that his father accept from. He was subsequently buried solution the famous Novodevichy Cemetery of Moscow.